Combined automatic and straight-air brake.



W. V. TURNER.

COMBINED AUTOMATIC AND STRAIGHT AIR BRAKE. APPLICATION FILED APB..2, 1910.

EL, 1 2,494, Patented 001;. 6, 19M.

WITNESSES W d WW antenati.

i break-in-two of the train an onirica.

WALTER V. TURNER, F EDGEWOOD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTING- HOUSE MB BRAKE COMPANY, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATION GHEUIED AUTOMATIC AND STRAIGHT-AIR BRAKE.

Specication ci Lettera Patent.

Patented ct. ti, 1914i.

Application tiled April 2, 1910. Serial No. 552,978.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WALTER V. TURNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Edgewood in the county of Allegheny and State of 1 ennsylvania, have invented new and useful improvements in Combined Automatic and Straight-Air Brakeaot which the following is a specitication.

This invention relates to duid pressure brakes, and more particularly to a combined automatic and straight air brake apparatus.

For single cars, the socalled straight air brake may be employed to advantage, by reason oit the simplicity oi the a aratus involved and of the .readiness with. which the brake cylinder ressure may be graded up or-down by sma l amounts and the consequent flexibility of the brake thus made possible. li, however, two or more cars are operated as a train, it is highly desirable to have the cars equipped with an automatic brake bot-h on account ot the well known safety eatunes of the aautomatic brake whereby the brakes are a' lied upon a ecause ot the superior control of the brakes in service obtainable with the automatic brake over the straight air brake. in various classes of service, notably electric traction service, it is customary to run cars sometimes singly and sometimes in trains ot two or more cars according to circumstances and to meet this class of service it has been proposed to employ. a combined automatic and straight air brake, whereby the brakes may be controlled either automatically or by straight air.

@ne object of my invention is to provide an improved automatic and straight air brake apparatus oit simple construction adapted to be readily operated either as an automatic or as a straight air brake.

notherobject of my invention is to provide an apparatus of the above character having a single brake valve for controlling both the automatic and straight air braking and in which the full pressure carried in the system is available both in automatic and straight air operation.

Another objject of my invention is to provide improved means for facilitating the release of the brakes in connection with a combined automatic and straight air brake.

in the accompanying drawing; Figure l is adiagrammatic view of a car brake equipment embodying my invention; Fig. 2 a

sectional view of a combined automatic and straight air controlling valve mechanism constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 3 a face view of the rotary. valve of the brake valve em loyed, showing the relative arrangement ci) its ports and cavities; and Fi d a plan view of the valve seat for the a ove rotary valve.

The brake equipment shown in Fig. l of .the drawing and illustrating one application of my improvement, comprises a brake valve l, connected by pipe 2 to a train pipe 3, a main reservoirfl adapted to be maintained char ed with liuid under` pressure by the iisiia air com ressor or pump and being connected to t e rotary valve chamber ot the brake valve l by a pipe 5 containing a reducing valve 8, a brake cylinder 7, triple valve 8, connected to the train pipe 3 by a branch pipe 9, auxiliary reservoir l0, and acombined automatic and straight air controlling valve mechanism ll.

The valve mechanism ll is shown in section in Fi 2 of the drawing and comprises u casing aving a piston c amber l2 containing a piston 13, subject on one side to the pressure ot a coil spring lt tendimiI to maintain said piston in a position in w` ich a seat ring l5 on the piston is seated on a valve seat 16. 'llhe brake cylinder supply und release pipe 17 of the triple valve 8 is connected to the space within the seated area of the piston 13 and pipe i8 leading to the brake cylinder 7 opens to the piston chamber 12 at a point above the' piston 13 when the same is on the seat' 16. rllhe piston chamber 12 is also open to a passage 19 which is connected to a second piston chamber containing a movable abutment 21.; A valve 22 adapted to be operated by the abutment-2l, controls communication from a pipe 23, leading to the auxiliary reservoir l0, to said passage 19, a coil spring 2t being provided to normally maintain the valve 22 seated. rl`lie chamber at the opposite side ot the movableabutment 21 is connected to a straight air pipe 25 leading to the brake valve l.

The rotary valve seat of the brake valve l, as shown in Fig. t, is rovided with a port 26 communicating wit pipe 2 leading to the train pipe, a port 27 communicating with straight air pipe 25, and an exhaust port 28 communicatin with an exhaust pipe 29. 'll`he rotary va ve 30, shown in lBig.

i i l tit .i tffie eoiupiete 39 is pioviiied with e eeiitiui eeiiity tti. edepteoi to fregistei1 with elitieust 'port 28, endl communicates ti'uougii oetity iu time veive with e port 32, poets 341: couuuuiriieeting 'with port 32? thiouhgii poete 35, euii through ports tfeufi 37.

'the sti'eifgiit pipe 2,5 preteieioiy cou teiiis e timee-Wey eoeii' 3e. eciepteoi iii one position to esteioiisii comiuuuieetioii tiitougii the eti-eight sii pipe 25 'from the ioieite vulve, oud iu opotiiei: oeitioii to connect the sti'stight siii pipepto t e etmosi here.

The eutometie port-ion oi t e heette system may be cheigeoi up iii the usuei wey trom the ti'eiu pipe 3, sind Wiiei'e the bteiies ere to toe opemteei eutometiceiiy, time @ooit 38 is tuizuect totiie position cutting ott the sti'eigiit init pipe time the timie teilte emi opening ttie seme to the etmospiieie, so es to iusuife tiuidi pressure "Witt `not ecoumuiete iii tite sti-eight eii" pipe. 'Upon iedueiug the tieiu pipe piessuire to etieet eu uppiieetioii et the breites, the ti'ipie mii/e 8 is oetuetet to euppiy uit :tiem the euitiiiety eeseivoit it@ to the pipe t7 eed this @uid pifessuie eetieg ou the exposed etee oi the pistou t3 et the seet 15 shitts the pistoia to ite upper position, opening eouuiouuieetioii from tile pipe l? to tile traite ofi/limiet" pipe 18. .tfiuio uuciei' i ressuie is theseupoie eolmitteiifto the time te eyiiuciei. Filitiiei teductions iii tieiu pipe piessuie moy be mooie iu usuei intieme? to iocieeee time ioiieiie cyiimiei ppessuies the pieton 11% ioeimig meinteiiieei seeteit iii uppee position Foy the breite egrliudee pressuie acting; on its under ieee es opposed to eteoospheiic piessui'e op the stmigiit mit' eide oit the pistou.

breites muy tie teieeeesi iii the usuei meuuei9 toy iiieteesiug the tieiii pipe peessuie9 the uid tem the ioeiie eyiiiioiei tiopiup; beste tiiiougii pipe i? to tiieti'L extuiuet. ieieesieg, temete?9 'wiieii heette I{3j/ii: fr peessuie time been ieeiueeei to o, eet ein point9 eeeoiliiig to the peessuiie e tiie M9 the piston itt Witt be' siiiiftei by seid spifiiepte its toutes position, in u/iiieii tile pipe i? is eut UIL? oiiii the omite eyiiuoiee. This Witt not iiiteiffeife with et the inrete@ iiowevei, es the ieiiieiiiiug eii iu the Ko'ei'ue Cyiiude'f wiit ese oe thi-tough, tiievsti'eigiit sie pipe @Sti aiuti esiieuet port of tiie ttiry'eseet9 the fuit eifee oit the pistou eutaieetetil to timid preseuieye gioove It being psowicieei in the pistou stem, so ee to permit` the tiuidl pressure to ect ou the tutti etree ot time piston 13,. ,etui tiius tiie pistou 13 is piromptiy shifted to its upper position.

tu eetesse position ot time Tomi-ie miveftg the poit 36 iii the irotsui'y Votive 30 tegistets with the tireiu Vpipe poit 26, so tiiet tiuict under piessuie is suppiiect to the tieiu pipe io meiutein the tisiu pipe piessuee et ttie steudleidi pressue ceiiiedi eecorciiug to tile adjustment ot the reducing miife 6. im tieie position, tiie eeirity 3Q eiso iegisteis with the straight eil port 27, so that tile stmigiit xiii pipe 25 is eouiieeteci to the exiieust. iin automatic seiviee position the smeii poete Bet register with tiie tte-.iii pipe poet 26 so es to vent tiuiot from the trein pipe to eeet e ieductioii iii tieiii pipe pressure.

iii it is desired to operate the pieites with stieipgiit ai?, the @ook 3@ is pieeeei iii the position opening; commuiiicetioii tieeougii the etmigiit uit pipe 25 the broke "tetue oud by tuiu'iiiig the breite Veive to stijeigiot eii eppiioetioii position, iii 'Wifieii the through ports 35 iegistei with the etseigtit mi port 27, oie is suppiieii to titre stimeigiit sii1 pipe 25 eed flowing to the mouette eiiut ment 2i siiitts the same end opens eouumuiiieetiou sirouu the einutmeet through geom es ei? to the pessege t9, so that ituic'il uV :e pi'essuie tiows through the passage i@ to the pistou eiosimtiei i2 sind thence to time totetie cyiindiei: pipe te. The downward movement of' ythe pistou 2i eiso eetueites tile Voti/e P325 to epee eoi'emupieetiou iii-om the euiiitieiy i'esetvoii pipe 23 to the psssepfe it?? so theft Huid unites ptessute is vented 'tiem euxiiieiv tese'ruoii?. This is 'tot tiie pumi eeusiiig time ttiioie Weite to tie shit7 tease position. u eey ease Wiieee suive pruts eee mot oiieudy iu ee'ieuse tion, tuus insuring tiiet the eutomeie L t? Wilt eefeoueeetei te ttipio Weite exhaust ou@ the pistou i3 Witt izfieiu teiiieoi iop/ee seat.

wiii ine evident tite ioreiteey'tief presente muy be iiie'ieesed es eiesiiee! turning the omit-e Vette to stifeiggiit piieotiou eine boeit to stiuiigiot uit iep sitioie.

The beek/es eige ieieesed by tuiuiuef tiie @omite Jette to ireieese in wiiifee eet/"ity 32 ieejisteT sti'ei t eis poi?" 0'?. litio @owe time oizwiie ejyiiiiei tiiioupii the bypass to stieiegtit oit pipe vfiuefoi tiie importent 'eetuees of my iuveifitiou Wiii tie deseiiied. u e @ouiioiuet eutometie uudetmipgiit sie miie etmiuetei, tiie ioeeite etfiiuei 1 uiey iiieieeseft Toy opeiouoiu to tine :Suit pressure eetiietl iii time s steu9 tiieiiee the ramasse and if under such condition, an emergency reduction in train pipe'pressure occurs, it will be evident that the triple valve piston will be shited to emergency position, but no air is vented from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder, as the brake cylinder is already charged to the full pressure. The consequence is that when it is desired to release the brakes, there is no excess pressure available to enable the train pipe pressure to be raised above the auxiliary reservoir pressure, and so the triple (valve cannot be shifted to release position. With my improvement, however, by turning the brake valve to release position, the straight air pipe is connected to the exhaust and Huid from the brake cylinder is released through the by-pass 39 and the brake valve. Upon reduction in brake cylinder pressure to a certain degree in this manner, a point will be reached, at which the automatic pressure in the pipe 17 act-ing on piston'13 is suicient toovercome the reduced brake cylinder pressure and the pressure of the spring 14 and thereupon the piston 13 is shifted to its upper position, cutting ofi the communication from the brake cylinder to the straight air pipe 25. Communication is now opened from the automatic pipe 17 to the brake cylinder and thus iiuid from the auxiliary reservoir is vented to the brake cylinder. This reduces the auxiliary reservoir pressure, so that the highertrain pipe pressure acting on the triple valve piston operates to shift the'same to release position, thus permitting iiuid from the brake cylinder to exhaust through the triple valve exhaust port. When the brake cylinder pressure has been reduced in this manner to a certain low point, the piston 13 will he again shifted to close the automatic pipe 17 as hereinbefore described, and the remaining Huid in the brake cylinder will be released through the straight air pipe 25.

In making an emergency application the brake valve is turned to emergency position, in which the cavity 32 registers with the train pipe port 26 so as to efect an emergency reduction in train pipe pressure and the through port 37 registers with the straight air port 27 so that straight air is supplied to the straight air pipe 25. While the triple valve goes to emergency position and supplies air to the automatic pipe 17, the air flowing through the straight air pipe 25 operates to maintain the piston 13 at its lower position, so'that the brake cylinder is charged with fluid pressure from'the straight air pipe up to the full pressure supplied through the reducing valve 6 from the main reservoir 4, and in this case the'auxiliary reservoir pressure will remain bottled up. This will not prevent the release of the brakes, however, as the auxiliary reservoir pressure is reduced by the'action of the piston 13 upon connecting the straight air pipe to the exhaust, as hereinbefore described.

It Will now be seen that a straight air application can be made at anv time regardless of the position of the triple valve, while the release of the brakes and the return of the triple valve to release position is assured even if the auxiliary reservoir pressure is at the full pressure of the system at the time of releasing the brakes.

Having now described my invention, what 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. lln a combined automatic and straight air brake, the combination with a train pipe, auxiliary reservoir, triple valve, and brake cylinder, of an independent pipe for supplying air to the brake cylinder and aA valve mechanism adapted in one position to establish communication from the triple valve supply pipe to the brake cylinder and in another position from said independent pipe to the brake cylinder and operating when the triple valve is in emergency application position with the triple valve supply pipe open to the auxiliary reservoir, only upona predetermined substantial reduction in brake cylinder pressure by release' through the independent pipe, to open communication :from said supply pipe to the brake cylinder.

2. lln a combined automatic Aand straight air brake, the combination with a train pipe, auxiliary reservoir, triple valve, and brake cylinder, of a straight air pipe for supplying fluid to the brake cylinder and a piston having diierential heads for controlling the release from the brake cylinder, the larger head being subject to the pressure of the straight air pipe, the smaller head to the iiow of'iuid from the triple valve.

3. In a combined automatic and straight air brake,'the combination with a train pipe, auxiliary'reservoir, triple valve, and brake cylinder, of a straight air pipe for supplying luid to the brake cylinder and a piston having differential heads for controlling the release from the brake cylinder, the larger head being subject to the pressure o the straight air pipe, the smaller head to the flow of iiuid from the triple valve, and having the brake cylinder connected to the space intermediate the piston-heads.

4. In a combined automatic and straight air'brake', the combination with a train pipe, auxiliary reservoir, tri-ple valve, and brake cylinder, of an independent pipe for su plying airv to the brake cylinder, a bra e valve for controlling the pressures in the train pipe and said independent pipe, anda valve mechanism having a position for connecting the brake cylinder with the tri le valve supply pipe and another position or connecting the brake cylinder with the independent pipe and adapted upon a predetermined reduction in brake cylinder pressure Gil by releesine through tbe independent pipe to close the independent pipe connniiniceu tion to the brake cylinder ond open coinniunicotion from the triple telve supply pipe to the brake cylinder. A i 5. in e combined automatic ond straight air breite, the combination with e trein pipe, auxiliary reservoir, triple Voire, ond broke cylinder, oi on independent pipe for euppiying air to the broke cylinder :ind e, Voire inecbonisin comprising,n o piston bovine, e reduced oren tbereoii exposed to the pressure in the triple mire supply pipe in one position ond operating upon e predetermined rednction in the pressure oi duid released trom the brake cylinder through the inde-y pendent pipe to close cornnnrnicotion trom tire broke cylinder to tbe independent pipe und open communication from the triple mire suppiy pipe to tbe broke cylinder.

Y G. in e combined automatic and straight nir breite, tbe combination witii o trein pipe, :inniiinry reserroir, triple `telve, sind broke cylinder, olif on independent pipe for snpplying oir to tbe breite cylinder .and o piston subject on one side to tbe pressure oi tbe independent pipe end on tbe other side on o portion loi tbe eren, to tbe pressure in tbe triple noire supply pipe ond on another portionl `tine oren to tbe pressure in tbe broke cyiindor'rrben tbe' piston is in one position.

l. fin n iind pressure b-roire, tbe combinetion Witb n triple volte ond broke cylinder, oi n etrnigbt oir pipe ond o piston voire device boring o'smell piston bead operated by tbe dow oi duid troni tbe Ytriple valve ior openingl communication to tire broke cylinder ond e large piston heed operated by tbe-dow oi" duid .in tbe. straight air pipe ior openingV communicsrtion i'rorn tberbt oir pipe to tbe breite cylinder.

S. in n combined ,automatic ond streigbt oir breite, tbe combinati on with o, trein pipe, triple voire, zilnrilinry reservoir, ond breite cylinder, oi on independent pipe and ineens operoted by tbe dow oi nir trono the independentpipe to the broke cylinder't'or 'venting oir directly troni the auxiliary reservoir and independently oi the triple mire to insure tbe movement of tbe triple 'voire to release position. I

in o combined nutoniotic ond streigbt nir broke, tire combination with o trein pipe, triple ivoire, auxiliary reservoir, ond breitev cylinder, oi' on independent pipe ond o inornbie abutment operated by the dow oi? nir imm tbe independent pipe to the breite cylinder tor renting duid from the ziniriiiory reservoir independently oi tile position of the` tri le retire.,

l0. in :i combined automatic ond stroigbt oir breite, the combination witii n trein pipe, triple voire, enniiinry reeerroir, ond bro-ire cylinder, of en independent pipe, o donbie check voire device boring one position :ier connecting" the triple volvo supply pipe to the broke cylinder end another position ii'or connecting tbe independentpipe to tbebroire cylinder, and means operated by pressure in tbe independent pipe tor opening communication fior renting duid :troni tbe einriiiziry reservoir..

1i. in o combined nutoinotic ond straight oir breite, the combination with o, trein pipe, triple voire, enniiiory reservoir, end brelre cylinder, ei en independent pipe, e double check valve device beting one position for connecting the triple telve supply pipe to tbe broke cylinder ond onotber position tor connectingtbe independent pipe to tbe brobe cylinder, and ineens operated by tbe dow oi duid from the independent pipe to tbe breite cylinder for venting tiuid irorn tbe enniiiziry reservoir to tbe breite cylinder to eii'ect tbe movement oi the triple relive to releose position.. A

i2. .in :i combined entonontic end stroigbt oir breit@ tbe combination witb e, trein pipe end triple `voire, of en "independent pipe and e did'erentioi double cbecir relire boring one position for connecting tbe triplo Volvo supply pipe to tbe breite cylinder end onitil otber position igor connecting tbe independent pipe to tbe breite cylinder, seid cliecir.

telve boiling its snfioiler rtree exposed to tbe pressure in tbe triple reive enpply pipe in t e letter position.

o i3. in :i duid pressure breite, tbe combinetion with e triple ivoire end breite cylinder, oi' o Starnight oir pipe end e pieton voire deripe boi/ing :i smell pieton bend opereted byi tbe dow oi duid from tbe triple volvo igor opening eonnnunieetion to tiie breite cylinroo der ond e large piston heed opernte'd by tbe dow of duid in tbe stroigbt oir-pipo rior roo opening coinnxnnicntion troni tbe otroigirbt` oir pipe to tbe breite cylinder, tbe eprice intermediete the iston bends benne connected' to the breite cy inder i li. ln o, combined outoinotic end otrnigbt oir broke, tbe combination iritb e trein pipe, triple voire, end breite cylinder, ori ineens tor supplying duid under preisenredirectiy to tbe breite cylinder ond n relive mecbeniem adopted in releasing tbe breites citer a .straiiglit oir ilpicetion with tbe triple lid i liep mire in emergencyepplicotion position iin-st releose duid directly iroin tbe breite cylinder, tiren tbrongb tbe triple reino exhaust :ind bnolly dirccti Y ln testimony Wbereoi? bere bcreunto eet my bond.

WALTER 'i7'. dit. Vitneeees:

d. liti, Cnnnnn'rs, @l1 lli, Eroman.

fidi) 

